Accuracy across 61 comparative well studies

Coarse units are one of the strongest recurring matches. The principal gravel or conglomeratic package is usually placed in the correct depth domain, particularly where it controls the completed aquifer. Local differences most often concern whether the interval is clean, clay-bound, weathered or split into several thinner beds.

Sand and sandy sediment generally show strong correspondence, especially when they form part of a broad saturated package. Differences are commonly associated with interbedding, gradational contacts and the grouping of sand with gravel, silt or volcanic-derived sediment.

Fine sediment is commonly recognised as a low-permeability or transitional response. Thin silt beds are less consistently resolved than thick packages, but major fine-grained separators and aquitard intervals are usually represented in the correct sequence.

Clay-rich units are generally recognised through their confining or reduced-permeability behaviour. The main differences occur where a drilled interval is described as clayey gravel or sandy clay while the interpretation assigns the dominant hydraulic behaviour rather than the exact driller-log name.

Volcanic packages are usually placed in the correct broad stratigraphic position. Exact naming is less uniform because massive, weathered, fractured and volcaniclastic material can produce different responses within the same mapped volcanic sequence.

Basement and greywacke transitions are generally detected as a change into more competent rock. Productive behaviour depends on fracture connectivity, so the formation boundary can be accurate even when the eventual yield is controlled by a limited number of open fractures.

Interbedded sedimentary rock performs strongly at formation scale. The system commonly identifies the same consolidated sedimentary package and its main aquifer-bearing transitions, although individual sandstone, mudstone and siltstone beds may be grouped differently.

Fractured and dual-porosity responses are a major hydrogeological strength. These intervals frequently align with productive rock, carbonate or coarse-clastic targets and help explain field yields that exceed conservative matrix-based forecasts.

Weathered and altered zones are important transition targets. Their broad position is often identified, while the exact top and base can differ because weathering is gradational and may extend beyond the strongest response interval.

Carbonate targets are usually recognised in the correct deeper formation package. Where cavities, solution openings or fractures are encountered, measured production can substantially exceed a conservative pre-drill yield estimate.

Organic and peat layers are usually thin and shallow. They are less consistently separated as an exact lithology but are often represented within the correct low-density or fine-grained near-surface package.